Purpose: We evaluate the clinical roles of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computerized tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT) for diagnosing disease in the urogenital tract, and we compared this with the other established radiologic and pathologic diagnoses. Materials and Methods: From June 2006 to June 2007, the total number of subjects who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT was 4,438. The mean patient age was 57.4±7.6 years and the ratio of males to females was 1.28:1. During the study period, except for 152 patients who had been given a diagnosis of urologic tumor, 614(14.3%) healthy subjects and 3,672(85.7%) patients with non-urologic tumors were enrolled. The results of detecting urologic disease by 18F-FDG PET/CT were compared with the results of detecting urologic disease by conventional imaging techniques and the postoperative histopathological diagnoses. Results: With including 147 healthy subjects and 251 non-urologic tumor patients, 398 (9.3%) urologic diseases were detecte