Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancer worldwide, androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) has been the mainstream of treatment after treatment failure of localized cancer. However, despite the rapid initial response of ADT, most patients eventually progress to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Treatment decisions for patients with mCRPC are a very complex process, and its response is varied and difficult to predict due to individual differences. Therefore, novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets based on better understanding of molecular landscape of prostate cancer are needed. In this review, we summarized the genomic information, informative biomarkers and potential molecular targets using next-generation sequencing technology of prostate cancer.