The conservation of regional cultural heritages has been enabled by the human memory, and this memory is both a ‘collective’ and a ‘cultural’ memory which relies on its media such as letters, images, bodies and places. The mural paintings are very effective in the preservation of regional cultural heritages and in the strengthening or the recovery of cultural identities, because they are not only direct but also popular memory media. The public mural paintings of Lyon are exemplary cases. The works of the cooperative‘Cit？ Cr？ation’ like the ‘Fresque des Lyonnais’ are filled with cultural heritages of the city, and this leads us to know that their purpose is to conserve cultural identities. The works are also ecological both in natural and in cultural environments. The case of the ‘Mus？e urbain Tony Garnier’ shows may implications in the aspect of the cultural memories of the city: constant and repetitive recordings are necessary for the conservation and the stabilization of memories; the residents’ participation is crucially important for the successful memory keeping; continuous cares, additional works and adaptations are necessary for the maintenance of mural paintings; they can contribute greatly to the regional revitalization.