The effect of the U.S. troop deployment on authoritarian survival has contributed to a riveting discussion in the fields of international relations and comparative politics. Some argue that the U.S. troop deployment tends to maintain authoritarian regimes while others assert that the U.S. military has pursued regime change in host countries. The existing literature is filled with small-N qualitative studies and therefore, suffers from generalization problems. This study contributes to the literature by employing large-N quantitative analysis. With a more precise measurement of U.S. troop presence, we find that as a large size of U.S. troops with more than 500 forces are deployed to a host state, authoritarian governments are less likely to maintain their power. By con-trast, a small size of U.S. military presence does not show significant effects on failing incumbent dictatorship.