Effective dust removal in livestock facilities is crucial for maintaining air quality and protecting both animal and human health. This study investigated the performance of a conceptual wet electrostatic scrubber (WES) in removing dust particles (PM10 and PM2.5) from livestock facilities using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. The CFD model was developed to understand the principles of the WES including corona discharge, water droplet charging in an electric field, electrostatic forces, and the dynamics of dust particles. The CFD results showed that the water droplet charge varied significantly with the electrode size and space charge density. As the water droplets were charged greatly, the dust removal efficiency was improved. In addition, the dust collection performance increased significantly when both water droplets and dust particles were charged negatively and positively, respectively. The findings emphasized that the acceleration of dust particles induced by the electrostatic forces must be sufficiently large to enhance the dust removal efficiency. The study demonstrated that the CFD simulations are effective for evaluating the WES performance and understanding the dust collection process.