The purpose of study is to discover the causes of problems occurring between practicum insiders (students who get trained and agencies that provide training) and to explore the sustainability of the practicum system in the tourism field. This study applied the social exchange theory to understand social sustainability, and collected data by conducting in-depth interviews from a phenomenological perspective. The study participants were 10 students who have experienced practicum and 15 employees who are experienced in working with the trainees. The results illustrated that there were five benefits for students and four benefits for companies. However, there was a difference in the benefits experienced by each party, and this difference was found to hinder sustainabilit