This study aimed to determine if work type (shift vs. non-shift work) is an independent factor in deterioration of executive function in nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in two tertiary referral hospitals in South Korea from July∼October 2019. A total of 110 nurses (56 shift work nurses and 54 non-shift work nurses) were recruited through a convenience sampling strategy. Self-reported questionnaires were used to measure fatigue, depression, sleep quality, type D personality, and executive function. Results: Shift work nurses had higher fatigue (t=?3.96, p<.001), worse sleep quality (t= ?3.17, p=.002), and diminished executive function (t=?3.95, p<.001) than non-shift work nurses. In multiple linear regression analysis, work type was an independent predictor of decline in executive function (?=0.20, p=.023). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that work type is an independent predictor for deterioration of executive function in nurses. Further studies are necessary to examine the effects of a flexible work schedule on executive function and work performance of shift work nurses.