This paper explores the fateful rivalry between Mary Queen of Scots and Elizabeth I in Liz Lochhead’s Mary Queen of Scots Got Her Head Chopped Off. Although Scottish Catholic Mary and English Protestant Elizabeth led drastically different lives in their respective countries, both struggled with queenship in sixteenth-century British political culture. During this time, queens regnant came into conflict with patriarchalism, as societal norms dictated that women obey their men, yet queens ruled over their men as subjects. Consequently, it was challenging for queens to pursue their desires without risking a loss of power. In this context, a queen’s marriage became a crucial issue for her subjects. The contemporary concept of the king’s two bodies, representing the natural body and the body politic, sheds light on understanding the question of women’s rule that involved the intricate interplay of gender, religion, and politics. Dramatizing the rival queenship of Mary and Elizabeth from the Scottish perspective, Lochhead poses the inquiry of whether a queen can remain just a queen. This paper argues that both Mary and Elizabeth fail to maintain a balance between their two bodies. They are compelled to choose one body for their rule and take responsibility for their choice.