Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigatethe effects of a lower trapezius strengthening exercise program combined with a complex exercise program on postural alignment, muscle strength, and muscle tone in female university students with forward head posture (FHP). Design: A randomized controlled trialMethods: Thirty-eight female university students with FHP who met ourinclusion criteria were recruited and randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=19) or a control group (n=19). Both groups completed a complex exercise program. The experimental group participants additionally performed a lower trapezius strengthening exercise program. Interventions were performed twice weekly for 4 weeks. Changes in cranial rotation angle, craniovertebral angle, muscle strength, and muscle tone were assessed preand post-intervention. Results: Both groups showed significant postintervention change in craniovertebral angle (p<0.05), with no significant differences between groups. In addition, the muscle strength of the left and right lower trapezius significantly increased only in the experimental group (p<0.05), indicating a greater improvement than that in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The lower-trapezius strengthening exercise program significantly improved muscle strength in female university students with FHP. These results highlight the importance of lower trapezius muscle strengthening as an essential intervention for postural correction in female students with FHP.