To reduce the risk of death or disability associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, early identification and therapeutic modification of risk factors or surrogate markers is important. Several surrogate markers for the early detection of atherosclerosis, including the measurement of endothelial dysfunction, arterial wall structure, arterial stiffness, and serologic markers of vascular inflammation, have been widely studied and shown to be associated with the presence of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease and future cardiovascular events.1-4) Albuminuria is also a well-known surrogate marker for renal and cardiovascular diseases or events in patients with diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome, as well as in general population.5-7)