Purpose: Although endosulfan is a highly toxic compound that is responsible for a number of severe intoxications and deaths, there are no specific antidotes for endosulfan poisoning. Most fatalities due to endosulfan ingestion have symptoms that develop within 4~6 hours after ingestion, and to improve survival chances it is important to recognize those patients with a poor prognosis as early as possible and to institute aggressive treatment. Therefore we sought to identify the factors that predict death in patients with endosulfan ingestion. Methods: We enrolled 58 patients who were over 18 years and who presented to Chonnam National University Hospital with ingestion of endosulfan from January 2001 to June 2007. These patients were divided into two groups according to survival. The baseline characteristics, initial results of laboratory tests, the occurrence of complications, and the duration of hospitalization were collected. Results: The fatality rate of endosulfan