Recombinant yeast estrogenicity (YES) assay was used as a bioanalytical tool in order to screen 17β-estradiol in the soil samples collected from different sites of South Korea. Solvent extraction and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) methods were compared for the extraction of the estradiol from the soils. Most high detection of the estradiol based on YES assay was observed in the soils extracted with methanol. Different types of estrogenic hormones including 17β-estradiol were suggested to be possibly exiting in the soils, since the methanol extracts of the soils showed an estrogenic activity that was not observed in the hexane extracts of the soil. SFE extracts showed estrogenic activity in some of the samples but methanol extract showed best activity.