Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the relative influence of socio-demographic characteristics, work characteristics, and positive psychological capital on the professional identity of child caregivers. Methods: Survey data from 254 child caregivers were analyzed using SPSS 28.0. Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to assess the influence of socio-demographic characteristics, work characteristics, and positive psychological capital on their professional identity. Results: The professional identity of child caregivers was influenced in the following order: self-elasticity, self-efficacy, salary level, length of employment, and optimism. Conclusions: There is a need to implement programs aimed at enhancing positive psychological capital to strengthen the professional identity of child caregivers. Additionally, a system should be established to improve salary levels and promote long-term employment among child caregivers.